Comp:git
To share your software you can use our gitlab server. Extensive documentation for git is available online, see e.g. git tutorial.
Here are instructions to set up a git repository on disk. This is not only useful to share your software or develop software together, it also lets you keep track of versions of you scripts or programs, and synchronize projects between, e.g., a laptop and a desktop computer.
Create .gitconfig
In your home directory create a file with the name .gitconfig with the content:
[user] name = Firstname M. Lastname email = username@science.ru.nl
This is all that is needed, but more settings can be added:
[init] defaultBranch = main # change the default branch name "master" to "main" [color] ui = auto [core] pager = more # or less [diff] tool = vimdiff # if you use vi or vim [alias] log1 = log --graph --abbrev-commit --decorate --format=format:'%C(bold blue)%h%C(reset) - %C(bold green)(%ar)%C(reset) %C(white)%s%C(reset) %C(dim white)- %an%C(reset)%C(bold yellow)%d%C(reset)' --all log2 = log --graph --abbrev-commit --decorate --format=format:'%C(bold blue)%h%C(reset) - %C(bold cyan)%aD%C(reset) %C(bold green)(%ar)%C(reset)%C(bold yellow)%d%C(reset)%n %C(white)%s%C(reset) %C(dim white)- %an%C(reset)' --all
Start a new project
Here we give an example of creating a git repository with a single bash script. First create a directory with the script:
mkdir hworld cd hworld
Create a small bash script with the name hw.sh, e.g.:
#!/bin/bash echo "hello world"
chmod +x hw.sh ./hw.sh # see if it works
Next, initialize git
git init # this creates a subdirectory .git where git keeps info git add hw.sh # we want to use git to keep track of this file, it will be added to the "staging area" git commit -m "feat: initial commit" hw.sh
With the git commit command, git will make a snapshot of the current version of the files that are under its control, i.e., files that have been added with the git add command and have been committed.
You can get information on git files in a directory with:
git status # will show, e.g., when files have been "added", but not "committed" git log2 # this shows the history git ls-files # this lists the files that are under git control git branch # if you created the above .gitconfig file the branch will be "main"
Setup a "bare git repository"
To be able to work on this project on another computer it is convenient to set up a "bare git repository":
cd ~ # go to your home directory mkdir repos # create a directory for "bare" git repositories cd repos git init --bare hworld # creates directory "hworld" with git repo
Now go back to the hworld project to upload the files to the "bare" repository:
cd ~/hworld git remote add origin lilo.science.ru.nl:/home/<your username>/repos/ git remote -v # to see the name you just entered
You can change the "remote" repository with
git remote set-url origin lilo.science.ru.nl:/home/pietje/repos/hworld
If the remote repo is setup properly, you can now copy your git files to it:
git push --set-upstream origin main # assuming you use "main" as branch name
Possible workflow
You can now create new files and modify files:
vi hw.sh # modify the script and save it git status # this will show a file under git control has changed git diff # this will show what has changed git difftool hw.sh # if you set "tool = vimdiff" in ~/.gitconfig you can see the changes in vi # you may have to learn some new vi commands to take full advantage of this git add hw.sh # if you are happy with the change git commit # this will start vi and let you write a commit message, e.g. # fix: corrected a typo
You can repeat this cycle. There are git commands to "undo" a git commit. At the end of the day, after all changes have been committed, you can "push" all files under git control to the bare repository:
git push